{"id":24,"date":"2023-05-17T06:19:02","date_gmt":"2023-05-17T06:19:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/?page_id=24"},"modified":"2023-05-22T10:06:12","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T10:06:12","slug":"local-and-global-distribution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/?page_id=24","title":{"rendered":"Local and Global Distribution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#g\" data-type=\"internal\" data-id=\"#g\">Global<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#l\">Local<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"g\">Global<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The production trends of pearl millet and sorghum, two significant cereal crops, offer valuable insights into the dynamics of the global food system. Over the past few years, the production of pearl millet has experienced a decline, while sorghum has witnessed a rebound after a period of reduced output. These trends are particularly notable in Africa and Asia, where the majority of production occurs. Africa has traditionally been the largest producer of sorghum, while Asia takes the lead in pearl millet production. These figures shed light on the importance of these crops and the challenges that must be addressed to ensure food security in the face of factors such as climate change, pests, and diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"601\" src=\"http:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-19.png 850w, https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-19-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-19-768x543.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The total amount of pearl millets produced worldwide has decreased from 32.8 million tonnes in 2010 to just 28.4 million tonnes in 2014. The majority of the world&#8217;s pearl millet crop comes from Asia and Africa, which together account for more than 98% of total production. Africa&#8217;s contribution to global millets production has decreased from 49.22% in 2010 to 43.72% in 2014, while Asia&#8217;s part has climbed from 48.72% to 52.25% over the same time period. According to FAO production figures from 2016, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) ranks as the world&#8217;s fifth most important cereal, behind only maize, rice, wheat, and barley. Global sorghum output rebounded in 2014, up to 68.9 million tonnes from 60 million tonnes in 2010, following a sharp decline to 57 million tonnes in 2011. In 2014, Africa was the world&#8217;s greatest producer of sorghum, accounting for 42% of total output. The Americas came in second, at 39.75%, followed by Asia at 14.04 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The global production of pearl millet has decreased while that of sorghum has rebounded after a decline. Both pearl millet and sorghum are important cereal crops, with the majority of production occurring in Africa and Asia. Africa is the largest producer of sorghum, while Asia is the largest producer of pearl millet. These figures provide insights into the global food system, particularly in regards to the production and distribution of cereal crops, and highlight the need to address challenges such as climate change, pests, and diseases that impact crop yields and food security<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The global production patterns of pearl millet and sorghum provide valuable insights into the dynamics of cereal crop cultivation worldwide. While pearl millet production has shown a decline in recent years, sorghum production has rebounded after a period of reduced output. The dominance of Africa and Asia in the production of these crops highlights the significance of these regions in the global food system. However, to maintain food security and address challenges such as climate change, pests, and diseases, concerted efforts are required to support sustainable cultivation practices and enhance crop resilience. By understanding the trends and dynamics of cereal crop production, we can work towards a more resilient and secure food future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"l\">Local<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The cultivation of millets in India is characterized by diverse species and regional variations, influenced by factors such as rainfall and growing habitat. India, along with Nigeria, has been a leading producer of millets. Rain-fed agriculture is widely practiced in India, where multiple millet varieties, including sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, foxtail millet, kodo millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, and little millet, are grown. These millets are often cultivated alongside other crops such as pulses, oilseeds, spices, and condiments. The distribution of millets as primary or secondary crops depends on the specific region and its growing conditions. While millets demonstrate remarkable adaptation to different climates, there has been a decline in their cultivation in recent years, largely due to inadequate institutional support compared to crops like rice and wheat. Nevertheless, many communities in dry and rain-fed regions continue to value millets and incorporate them into their traditional cropping patterns, recognizing their unique food qualities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"759\" height=\"871\" src=\"http:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-147\" srcset=\"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-18.png 759w, https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/image-18-261x300.png 261w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In both 2000 and 2009, India and Nigeria were the leading millets producers. Rain-fed agriculture is widely practised in India, where eight different millets (Sorghum, Pearl millet, Finger millet, Foxtail millet, Kodo millet, Proso millet, Barnyard millet, and Little millet) are grown. Also, at least four or five species of millet are grown in each millet-growing region, often as a secondary crop alongside pulses, oilseeds, spices, and condiments. For instance, in the eastern sections of Rajasthan and Gujarat, pearl millet is a primary crop and sorghum is an associated crop, however in the desert regions of Rajasthan, the roles are reversed. Similarly, sorghum is a major crop in the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh as well as Maharashtra and some portions of central India, but is primarily grown as a fodder crop in other parts of the South.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Similarly, Finger millet is a major crop in the states of Tamil Nadu and Gujarat but just a secondary crop in Telangana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, the growing habitat and rainfall in a region largely determine the distribution of millets as either a primary crop or an allied crop. Pearl millet is a strong competitor to sorghum in regions with annual rainfall of 350 mm or more, although sorghum dominates in regions with annual rainfall of 400 mm or more. In addition, small millets such as finger millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet, little millet, and proso millet are common throughout much of India&#8217;s southern and central states, particularly in areas with annual rainfall of less than 350 mm, an environment in which it is unlikely that any other cereal crop would thrive.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite this large range of climate adaptation and variety of species, In recent years, there has been a decline in the number of millet species and cultivars that are cultivated. In a way, the millet-growing region continues to diminish due to a lack of institutional support for millet crops in comparison to the institutional promotion of rice and wheat. Despite this, there are still many communities in dry\/rain fed regions that, thanks to generations of experience, know the food qualities of millets and incorporate them into their traditional cropping patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cultivation of millets in India reflects a rich tapestry of diverse species, regional variations, and the influence of climatic conditions. With multiple millet varieties grown alongside other crops, India has been a prominent producer of millets, alongside Nigeria. The distribution of millets as primary or secondary crops is determined by factors such as rainfall and growing habitat, resulting in variations across different regions. However, despite the adaptability and nutritional value of millets, their cultivation has witnessed a decline due to limited institutional support compared to crops like rice and wheat. Nonetheless, in dry and rain-fed regions, communities continue to recognize and value the food qualities of millets, incorporating them into their traditional cropping systems. Preserving the cultivation of millets and providing adequate support to farmers in terms of research, infrastructure, and market access is crucial to maintain agricultural diversity, enhance food security, and harness the nutritional benefits offered by these resilient crops.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Global The production trends of pearl millet and sorghum, two significant cereal crops, offer valuable insights into the dynamics of the global food system. Over the past few years, the production of pearl millet has experienced a decline, while sorghum has witnessed a rebound after a period of reduced output. These trends are particularly notable [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":456,"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24\/revisions\/456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/millet.defindia.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}